The purpose of this study was to review relevant literature on skilled manpower training based on curriculum of industrial training systems as well as economic theories on human resources. Meanwhile, social and economic developments require incorporation of other conceptual frameworks such as social capital theory and cultural capital theory as foundations of vocational curriculum and industrial training. Therefore, industrial training in various economic and social periods including those of Fordism and Post-Fordism was discussed on the basis of FOCAL COMPETENCES. The paper concludes that COMPETENCES and skills incorporated in curriculum of industrial training systems should be taken into account through underpinning assumptions of human, social and cultural capital theories as well as social, economic and industrial developments in Post-Fordism era.

Background and Aim: Cardiac electrophysiology study (EPS) is the study of the electrical system of the heart. One of the most common methods of treating cardiac arrhythmias is ablation. The main problem with this method is determination of the position of the heart that must be be ablated. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is used as a non-invasive, safe and fast tool to understand the electrical activity of the heart. The aim of this study was to identify the FOCAL atrial tachycardia ectopic foci based on ECG signal analysis using sparse decomposition algorithm. Materials and Methods: 12-lead ECG signals of 48 patients with FOCAL atrial tachycardia were recorded and stored. After preprocessing the ECG signals, by using Pan-Tompkins algorithm, each pulse of each signal was separated. Sparse coefficients of test data were calculated based on the sparse decomposition algorithm and the test data were classified. 4 anatomical position in the right atrium, one in the septum and 4 anatomical position in the left atrium were considered as 9 classes and the position of the ectopic foci in each test data was determined. Results: At first, the location of the ectopic foci was identified in the right or left atrium, and then the exact anatomical position in each atrium was estimated. The average accuracy of identifying the position of ectopic foci in 5 runs of algorithm was 81. 27±2. 78. The mean accuracy of identification of ectopic foci was 61. 73% in 4 anatomical position of right atrium, 64. 05% in septum and 65. 16% in 4 anatomical position of left atrium. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, the location of the ectopic foci of FOCAL atrial tachycardia can be identified with appropriate accuracy using ECG signal analysis before performing electrophysiological study.

Heck's disease or FOCAL epithelial hyperplasia is a benign contagious disease caused by human papillomavirus types 13 or 32. It occurs with low frequency in the Iranian population. This condition is characterized by the occurrence of multiple, small papules or nodules in the oral cavity, especially on the labial and buccal mucosa and tongue. In some populations, up to 39% of children are affected. Conservative surgical excision of lesions may be performed for diagnostic or aesthetic purposes. The risk of recurrence after this therapy is minimal, and there seems to be no malignant transformation potential. In the present work, we presented the clinical case of a 12-year-old Iranian girl with oral lesions that clinically and histologically correspond to Heck's disease.